Spark-gap used in. wireless telegraphy



l/Qhtnaooco J. F. J. BETHENOD AND E. F. GIRARDEAU.

SPARK GAP USED IN WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

APPucATmw FiLED on :5. m5.

Patented Man. 16, 1920.

Z E C E JOSEPH FREDERIC JULIEN BETHENOD AND EMILE FERNAND GIRARDEAU, OFPARIS,

FRANCE.

SPARK-GAP USED IN, WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

Application filed October 15. 1915.

To 1(// /"i/m/ it may warm-n l ,it known that we. Joenrn Fnr'loran'.rnncx lhrrnnxon and Emu: Fnnicaxn (illLHtUl'lAl. engineers, residing inParis, France. .l ltue Auher. have invented new and haeful Improvementsin Sparkllapa [led in \Virelesa Ielc; raphy.

This inrention relates to radiotclegraphic apparatus wherein thespark-gap circuit is discharged through a (ondcnscr. In such :qiparatusit is ditlicult to maintain the clcctrode-- ol the sparlcg'ap device ingood c0ndition. as rapid deterioration nsues by reason of the hear)current of the discharge. (hie solution of the problem (.'tlllf5lhl.\ inutilizing a plurality of spark-gaps arranged in parallel and dividingthe discharge between them hut heretofore regular operation of thespark-gaps thus connected. could not be oh- 'ta1ned, as one of thespark-gaps genera-ll primes first and therefore carries alone the Wholedischarge. the others remaining' inoperative.

The present invention has for its primary object to insure a perfectlysynchronic op eration of the apark-gaps arranged in parallel. the actionof the apparatus heingr based upon the principle that renderingoperative the sparky'ap havingthe lowest discharge potential. involveshy inductive action. the priming of the other xparlegaps. thereby increasing. to a considerable extent. the difference of potential betweentheir electrodes.

Figure 1 shows by way of example, a. diagram of the apparatus inaccordance with this invention in which two aparlcgaps E and F. areshown arranged in parallel in an oscillator circuit L C. the condenser(T being charged periodically in accordance with any known method. Fig.2 illustrates a modification in which an auxiliary circuit primes themain discharge.

In the drawing each spark-gap E E is shown as being connected in serieswith inductance-S '1 and 1', respectively which posbetween them. a(to-efficient of mutual induction as high as possihle, under theseconditions. if the connections are made in such a manner thatfor-currents circulating in the same direction in the two branches ofthe oscillatory circuit. the two inductances 1 and'l produceelectromagnetic actions of opposite Sign; it is possible to demonstratetheoretically and prove eXperimentally that. fol-instance, the primingof the spark-gap Specification of Letters Patent.

locat ed in the.

Patented Mar. Hi. 1920. Serial No. 56.1.02.

IQ in\'ariahl in\ol\'es the priming of the .sparlcgap l) (\t'l] it thedistance between their electrodes is ditlercnt.

As a second application of the invention, the following may he cited: Inorder that the system illustrated in Fig. 1 should oper ate. it is not.net-weary that the two sparlc gaps ii and l l should he traversed by thesame energy; one ol them. l'i' for instance, an serre as an auxiliary-]):lll(j3l[) ol small n"- powcr. intended to regulate the diechargcthrough the llltllli sparlca'ap ii. In this. ase the iudm tancce l and Imay he unequal and, the current passingthrough the spark-gap It" may heinduced h y connecting in series therewith, an impedance of any kindselected in accordance with the. reqi-iirements: as to ohmic istanceinductance, and ca pacity (or an arhitranv combination of thesecapacities). The whole arrangement may. if desired, he reduced to thearrangement illustrated diagramn'iaticall Y in Fig. 2, wherein L C Edesignate the elements of the main circuit. the spark-gap B being inseries with suitable impedance Z. A condenser C may he connected inscrim with the impedance Z. The function or" the circuit E Z is toinsure an auxiliary priming so to speak of the discharger P) so that itacts first; it appeare that thia auxiliarv circuit absorbs traydischarges which tend to destro) the musical character of the emission.

. 'hat I claim is: I

l. In. an oscillator}; circuit for Wireless telegraph). a phoralit otsparkgaps connected in parallel. each 's iarlcgap being seriallycox-mected with an inductance, the several indncjalnces hcine; disposedwith re- \Plit'f to each other so as to produce a maximum coetlieient ofmutual induction.

2. In an oe illator circuit for Wireleas' telegraplrr. a pluralit ofaparlcgaps connected in parallel. each-Jot the gaps being eriallyconnected with an inductance. the inductancea being so wound and placedwith respect to each other as to produce a maximum coefficient of mutualinduction and to produce magnetic fluxes of opposite directions whencurrents are flowing through the two spark-gaps and branches of theoscillatory circuit in which these spark-gaps are same direction.

3. In an oscillatory circuit for WiI'QIQS-H telegraph). a plurality ofspark-gaps connected in parallel, each gap being connected 0 Ell)serially with an inductance, the several in duetances bein disposed soas to produce a maximum coelicient ol mutual induction, and one of saidspark-gaps being also in serial connection with elements adapted tochange the impedance in the pertaining circuit whereby the maindischarge through said last named spark-gap will he started.

4'. in an oscillatory circuit for wireless telegraphy, a plurality ofmark-gaps connected in parallelveach spark-gap living serially connectedwith an indutlancc, the indnctances being so disposed as to createmutual induct ion between them, and one of said spark-gaps beingserially connected with an auxiliary impedance.

5. In an oscillator) telegraph a plurality ol sparlegaps eon nwtcd inparallel, \ach smirk-gap being eonncctl-d serially with an inductance.the sevoral indurlani-w, living \1) arranged as to inllucnrc each otherl) mutual induction, and on ol' said riparlvgaps living onnected with anlmx 'iary impedalmand-with a capacity.

circuit lor wireless in testimony u'lwl'ool we hansigned ourllilllllhll] lhi specification in the presence of [Wu u'itncescs.

Jl filllll llliil l'ililll .ltlilliN llitl'llll'lh'llllr EMILEFl'lltXiNll lllltARllEML W lllllQSntiriI (Tina, l. lnimsiixg E UHF-N i:linrrlxnix.

